Second Hand Smoking: Medical or Physiological Effects

Secondhand smoke is a combination of the smokeIn fact every time a person breathes in second-hand
produced from a burning cigarette and the smokesmoke, he/she consumes over 100 harmful chemical
exhaled by the smoker. Second-hand smoke is alsoagents - carcinogens and toxins.
known as passive smoke or environmental tobaccoPeople who live with someone who smokes and are
smoke (ETS). Mostly the term second-hand smoke isexposed to tobacco smoke on a regular basis have
used as opposed to ETS because the latter infers aaround 30 per cent increased risk of developing lung
relationship between tobacco smoke and thecancer and heart disease. Even as little as 8 to 20
environment in general resulting in confusion about itsminutes of passive smoking can cause physical
exact meaning. Such environmental tobacco smokereactions linked to heart disease and stroke, such as
(ETS) can be easily recognized by its distinctive odorincreased heart rate, less oxygen to the heart, and
as it contaminates the air and gets retained in clothing,constricted blood vessels that increases blood
curtains and furniture, etc.pressure and makes the heart work harder.
However, it is not just limited to irritation; ETSEffects on Infants:
represents a dangerous health hazards across theChildren are at even higher risk because their lungs are
globe. Over 4,000 different chemicals have beenstill in a stage of development and can be more easily
identified in ETS, and around 50 of these chemicalsdamaged by second-hand smoke. Infants also inhale
are known carcinogens. Some of the commonly foundmore amount of the smoke because they breathe
chemicals in secondhand smoke include, but are notmuch faster than adults. Infants who breathe
limited to:second-hand smoke have a greater chance of dying
• Benzopyrenes: These are otherwise found in coalfrom Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), also
tar, one of the most potent cancer-causing chemicals.known as crib death. More than three times as many
• Formaldehyde: It is normally used to preserveinfants die from second-hand smoke-related SIDS as
dead animals.from child abuse or homicide. Effects of tobacco
• Hydrogen cyanide: It is used in rat poison!smoking on children is more than adult person. Children
• Ammonia: It is used to clean floors and toilets.who are exposed to second-hand smoke have double
Breathing second-hand smoke can be morethe risk of getting bronchitis and pneumonia.
dangerous than inhaling smoke through a cigarette. ItSecond-hand smoke can affect children’s behavior
has twice as much nicotine and tar as the smoke thatand their ability to understand and reason. Studies have
people smoking inhale and five times more carbonshown that children who are regularly exposed to
monoxide, a deadly gas that starves your body ofsecond-hand smoke score lower on tests in reading,
oxygen.math, logic and reasoning skills. For children with
Harmful effects of Passive Smoking:asthma, exposure to even small amounts of
People who do not smoke, and who are exposed tosecond-hand smoke can trigger an asthma attack.
the toxic chemicals in second-hand smoke on a regularBreathing second-hand smoke can increase the
basis, can suffer serious and life-threatening healthnumber of asthma attacks. Exposing children with
problems. In the long term, people exposed toasthma to second-hand smoke in the home increases
second-hand smoke have a greater risk of sufferingthe number of emergency room visits and hospital
from lung cancer, nasal sinus cancer, heart disease,stays. Exposure to second-hand smoke can cause
stroke, and breathing problems, including increasedchildren without asthma to develop it.
coughing, wheezing, pneumonia, bronchitis, and asthma.